(P18-007-24) Assessing the Impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Personalized Nutrition Therapy on Dietary Intake in Overweight and Obese Individuals With Prediabetes
Assistant Professor George Mason University Fairfax, Virginia, United States
Disclosure(s):
Raedeh Basiri, PhD/Registered Dietitian: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of utilizing continuous glucose monitoring devices along with personalized nutrition therapy on the dietary intake of overweight and obese individuals with prediabetes.
Methods: A total of 26 individuals, aged 45 to 65, with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 25 to 39.9 kg/m2 and glycated hemoglobin (A1c) levels between 5.7% and 6.4%, were randomly assigned to either the treatment (n=13) or control group (n=13). Both groups received personalized nutrition therapy and underwent continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for 30 days. Participants in the intervention arm had access to real-time blood glucose data on their mobile devices, while those in the control arm received data only at the study's conclusion. The dietary intake of participants was assessed and analyzed every 10 days, covering the preceding 24 hours of each visit, using the ASA24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA.
Results: The gender and body mass index (BMI) distribution did not significantly differ between the treatment and control groups. At baseline, the mean BMI for the treatment and control groups was 31.7 ± 4.3 kg/m2 and 31.4 ± 4.5 kg/m2, respectively. The treatment group showed a significant decrease in the percentage of calorie intake from carbohydrates, dropping from 45.3% to 39.4% (P=0.03), while the control group demonstrated no significant change (41.5% to 41%). Fiber intake increased from 19 to 20 grams(g) in the treatment but decreased from 22.4 to 17.7(g) in the control group. The percent calorie intake from fat elevated in the treatment (36.1% to 39.5%) but remained the same (37.3%) in the control group. Similarly, the percentage of calorie intake from protein increased from 18.5% to 21.1% in the treatment group, with no changes observed in the control group (19.4%). While the changes in fiber, fat, and protein intake were non-significant, the clinical implications of these alterations warrant further investigation.
Conclusions: Observing blood glucose changes in real-time could significantly improve dietary intake of digestible carbohydrates in individuals with prediabetes.
Funding Sources: George Mason University, College of Public Health
