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Session: Dietary Micronutrient and Supplementation in Population (Oral 4)

(OR04-07-24) Serum and Urine Metabolites Associated With Vitamin D Supplementation in the ARIC Study

Saturday, June 29, 2024
4:12 PM – 4:24 PM CT
Location:  W375A

    Presenting Author(s)

  • VS

    Valerie K. Sullivan, PhD, MHS, RDN (she/her/hers)

    Assistant Scientist
    Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
    Baltimore, Maryland, United States

    Disclosure(s): No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

    • Co-Author(s)

  • JC

    Jingsha Chen

    Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States

  • LB

    Lauren Bernard

    University of Maryland School of Medicine, United States

  • BY

    Bing Yu, PhD

    University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston School of Public Health
    Houston, Texas, United States

  • EM

    Erin D. Michos

    Johns Hopkins University, United States

  • LA

    Lawrence J. Appel, MD, MPH

    Professor
    Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
    Baltimore, Maryland, United States

  • Casey M. Rebholz, PhD

    Associate Professor
    Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
    Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Objectives: Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin with established roles in bone health and potentially other aspects of health as well. We aimed to identify novel biomarkers of vitamin D supplementation to characterize metabolic pathways through which vitamin D supplements may promote health.

Methods: We examined cross-sectional associations between vitamin D supplementation and serum and urine metabolites in Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants who attended visit 5 in 2011-2013. Participants brought bottles of supplements used in the past four weeks to the visit, and study staff transcribed supplement identities. We defined vitamin D supplementation as use of any form or dose of vitamin D. Fasting serum and spot urine samples collected at the same study visit were stored at -80˚C until untargeted metabolomic profiling was performed by Metabolon, Inc. (Durham, North Carolina). Missing metabolite values were imputed to the minimum level. We analyzed associations between vitamin D supplement use and log-transformed metabolites using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, race-center, education, smoking, physical activity, eGFR, BMI, and season.

Results: Of 5225 participants with serum metabolites analyzed (mean age 76 [SE 5] years, 57% female, 20% Black), nearly half used vitamin D supplements (n=2351). We analyzed 933 non-drug serum metabolites; 82 were associated with vitamin D supplementation at a Bonferroni-corrected P< 0.05/933. Most were lipids (n=36), followed by cofactors and vitamins (n=17), amino acids (n=11), and xenobiotics (n=11). One-third of 1565 participants who had urine metabolites analyzed were vitamin D users (n=573). We analyzed 946 non-drug urine metabolites; 18 were associated with vitamin D supplementation at P< 0.05/946. Most were cofactors and vitamins (n=11). Of 438 metabolites present in both serum and urine, 6 were associated (all positively) with vitamin D supplementation in both biospecimens: 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoate, ascorbic acid 2-sulfate, glycerate, pyridoxal, pyridoxate, and threonate.

Conclusions: Several serum and urine metabolites were associated with vitamin D supplementation. These metabolites may be related to concurrent use of other dietary supplements.

Funding Sources: Administrative Supplement from the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements