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Session: Dietary Patterns and Components in Cancer Risk and Survivorship (Poster Theater Flash Session 6)

(PTFS06-07-24) Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, Circulating Hormones, and Risk of Prostate Cancer in UK Biobank

Sunday, June 30, 2024

12:24 PM – 12:28 PM CT

Location: W185A-C

Presenting Author(s)

YD

Yuanyuan Deng, PhD student

Student
University of Massachusetts Amherst
AMHERST, Massachusetts, United States

Disclosure(s): No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Co-Author(s)

EB

Elizabeth R. Bertone-Johnson, ScD

Professor of Epidemiology and Chair, Department of Health Promotion and Policy
University of Massachusetts Amherst
Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
CL

Chi Hyun Lee

University of Massachusetts Amherst, United States
CS

Cassandra N. Spracklen

University of Massachusetts Amherst, United States
SS

Susan Sturgeon

University of Massachusetts Amherst, United States
LM

Lorelei A. Mucci

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States
KP

Kathryn L. Penney

Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States
CM

Chaoran Ma

University of Massachusetts Amherst, United States

Objectives: We aimed to prospectively assess the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and mortality and to investigate the extent to which an association is mediated via circulating hormones.

Methods: Our analysis included 205,115 UK Biobank male participants without cancer at recruitment during 2006-2010. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and 24.5% of them completed at least two 24-hour dietary recalls during follow-up. We used multivariable Cox regressions to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for PCa incidence and mortality across quartiles of total and subgroups of fruit and vegetable consumption. We assessed the mediation effect of circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), testosterone, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations.

Results: Over a median of 11.1 years, 8370 men were diagnosed with PCa, of whom 673 died of PCa. Compared with participants in the lowest quartile of total fruit consumption, those in the highest quartile had a lower risk of PCa incidence (HR:0.96, 95% CI:0.95-0.97) and mortality (HR:0.96, 95% CI:0.95-0.97). Compared with the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile of total vegetable consumption had a slightly increased risk of PCa incidence (HR:1.04, 95% CI:1.03-1.06) and mortality (HR:1.05, 95% CI:1.04-1.07). For the association of total vegetable with PCa incidence, the mediation effects of IGF-1 and SHBG accounted for 12.4% and 16.7% (P < 0.05 for both). For total vegetable consumption and PCa mortality, IGF-I explained 10.3% of the association, SHBG for 15.3%, and testosterone for 10.1% (P < 0.05 for all).

Conclusions: Greater fruit consumption was associated with a modest decreased risk of PCa, while greater vegetable consumption showed a slightly higher risk, partially mediated by circulating IGF-1, SHBG, and testosterone.

Funding Sources: Not applicable