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Nutritional Epidemiology (Poster Session)

(P13-051-24) Association of Dietary Patterns of Insulinemia, Inflammation and Overall Dietary Quality With Biomarkers of Renal Function, Lipids, Insulin Response, and Gut Microbiota

Sunday, June 30, 2024
12:45 PM – 1:45 PM CT
Location: Poster Board 440

    Presenting Author(s)

  • SN

    Sushma Nepal, PhD Student (she/her/hers)

    Student
    The Ohio State University
    Columbus, Ohio, United States

    • Co-Author(s)

  • MI

    Maheen Imtiaz, MPH

    Graduate Research Associate
    The Ohio State University
    Hilliard, Ohio, United States

  • EO

    Eric Orwoll

    Portland VA Medical Center; Oregon Health Sciences University, United States

  • NS

    Ni Shi, PhD

    Postdoctoral Scholar
    Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – James
    Columbus, Ohio, United States

  • JS

    James M. Shikany, DrPh

    Professor
    The University of Alabama
    Birmingham, Alabama, United States

  • NN

    Nicola Napoli

    Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Washington University, Montana, United States

  • FT

    Fred K. Tabung, PhD, MSPH

    Assistant Professor
    Ohio State University
    Columbus, Ohio, United States

Disclosure(s):
Sushma Nepal, PhD Student: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.


Objectives: Over 60% of U.S. adults are ailing from major chronic diseases and diet may play a role. We tested cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of the Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern (EDIP), Empirical Dietary Index for Hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015), with fasting serum and urine biomarkers of renal function, lipids, insulin response, and gut microbiota, as mediators of chronic disease risk.

Methods: We calculated dietary scores using baseline food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data among 4,771 participants aged 65 and above, in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study. The longitudinal analyses examined baseline diet against biomarkers assessed over 5 years later, among 816 men. Stool samples and FFQ data were collected from 517 men, 13 years after baseline, for microbiome analyses. Linear regression adjusting for multiple possible confounders, was used to estimate associations of dietary indices with biomarker concentrations and stool microbiota diversity scores.

Results: Approximately 90% of participants were White aged 73±6 years. Cross-sectional analyses showed that higher inverted or iEDIH, iEDIP, and HEI-2015 scores correlated with lower renal function markers (creatinine, sodium, phosphate), lower serum lipids (TG, TC/HDL, TG/HDL, [higher HDL]), and lower insulin response markers (glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR). In longitudinal analyses, these associations persisted for iEDIH/iEDIP, but not for HEI-2015. For example, the βs for creatinine per 1-sd increase in dietary scores were: iEDIH: -2.88 (p=0.002), iEDIP: -2.81 (p=0.003), HEI2015: -1.20 (p=0.1734). Also, higher iEDIH/iEDIP, but not HEI-2015, were linked to lower odds of impaired eGFR. Generally, all 3 dietary indices were associated with higher microbial diversity scores.

Conclusions: In older American men, diets aligned with lower insulinemia and inflammation are associated with better renal function, lipids, and insulin response profiles, and enhanced gut microbiome diversity.

Funding Sources: None