(P04-022-24) Supplementation With Canola Oil in Diet Containing Saturated Fatty Acid. Effect on Serum Fatty Acid Profiles of Growing Rats

Objectives: A balanced and varied diet is important to maintain optimal health status and prevent diseases. The objective was to analyze the effect of diet containing butter, as fat source, with and without the supplementation with canola oil as source of omega 3, on serum fatty acid profiles of growing rats.

Methods: Weanling Wistar rats received during 10 days normocaloric diet and fat was provided by butter (B group). The other group received the same diet supplemented with 24mg/day of canola oil (BC group) and control group (C) received diet AIN´93. Serum fatty acids profiles were determined by gas chromatography. Statistical analysis: ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal Wallis as post hoc tests.

Results: Results (%Area) were expressed as Mean ±SD: SERUM: PALMITIC B:21.80±2.20^b BC: 20.40±0.85^ab C: 18.63±1,98^a; ESTEARIC B:12.05±1.07^b BC:9.96±1.08^a C: 11.20±1.56^ab; OLEIC B:17.65±1.64^a BC:20.07±3.21^b C: 9.34±1.22^a; LINOLEIC (LA) B:8.19±1.12^a BC: 10.57±1.00^b C:22.44±1.67^c. Alfa-linolenic (ALA) B: 0.35±0.10^a BC:0.93±0.14^b C:1.03±0.28^a; EPA B:1.05±0.18^a BC: 1.83±0.28^b C: 1.15±0.19^a; DHA: B:2.02±0.34^a BC:3.59±0.51^c C:2.70±0.61^b. Means with no letter(^a,b,c) in common, were different (p < 0.01). In sera, B, BC groups showed lower LA and higher oleic acid levels, compared to C. The supplementation with canola oil improved LA concentration compared to B but did not reach C levels. In group B, ALA levels were significantly low, however supplementation with canola oil was able to reverse the effect and BC reached control values. BC group presented significant high EPA and DHA levels compared with B and C.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that diet containing saturated fatty acids, provoke alterations in serum fatty acids profile such as the decrease in essential fatty acids. The supplementation with canola oil -rich in linolenic acid- increased the omega 3 family in a short period of time. This would be a consequence of the type of lipid received in the supplementation, being not only important the percentage of lipids but the compose of the fatty acids pattern.

Funding Sources: This work was supported by UBACyT: 20020190100093BA.