(P20-023-24) Initial Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Participants of the INCAI Project, Analysis According to Nutritional Status

Objectives: The results are part of a project implemented in a community-based manner in urban, suburban, and rural indigenous school settings in the State of Yucatan, with the aim of reducing the risk of developing chronic degenerative diseases, self-esteem, and difficulties in interpersonal relationships among schoolchildren.

Objective: To diagnose nutritional status and identify metabolic alterations in the child population, as part of the baseline measurement of the INCAI project.

Methods: Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured in students aged between 9 and 12 years from 12 schools that were part of the project. Priority was given to the evaluation of metabolic components in the population with a diagnosis of overweight and obesity using the Z-score values of the WHO BMI indicator for age and sex. Blood pressure was measured, and 5 ml of venous blood was drawn to determine the components of metabolic syndrome, which was assigned according to the NCEPATP III criteria when presenting with at least three of the following criteria: 1) triglycerides ≥ 110 mg/dL, 2) HDLc < 40 mg/dL, 3) waist circumference greater than or equal to the 90th percentile for age and sex; and 4) hypertension: SBP and/or DBP ≥ the 90th percentile for age, sex, and height. 5) glucose≥100 mg/dL. All measurements were performed by trained and standardized personnel according to conventional procedures and protocols.

Results: Thirteen% (n=32) of the evaluated population had a normal nutritional status, 37.2% (n=92) were overweight, and 49.8% (n=123) were obese. 26.7% (CI 21.1,32.5%. n=66) presented with metabolic syndrome; this condition was higher in schoolchildren reporting obesity, affecting 48.8% (n=66). In the population as a whole, the following prevalence of metabolic disorders was identified: hypertriglyceridemia (34%), abdominal obesity (27.9%), hypoalphalipoproteinemia (16.2%), hyperglycemia and 14.6% and arterial hypertension.

Conclusions: The components of SM were higher in children with obesity, except for hyperglycemia, which was two percentage points higher in the overweight population. Timely identification of metabolic alterations is a component that should be considered in childhood obesity prevention and control programs.

Funding Sources: The results are part of project CI1791 funded by the Rio Arronte Foundation.