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Dietary Bioactive Components (Poster Session)

(P04-002-24) Anti-inflammatory Effect of Apio Leaf (Arracacia Xanthorrhiza) Extracts on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells

Sunday, June 30, 2024
12:45 PM – 1:45 PM CT
Location: Poster Board 80

    Presenting Author(s)

  • OA

    Oluwatobi Amusat, MSc

    Graduate Student
    University of Arkansas
    Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States

    • Co-Author(s)

  • AA

    Alok Arun

    Inter American University of Puerto Rico
    Barranquitas, Puerto Rico, United States

  • AI

    Alexus Inthanousay

    University of Arkansas, United States

  • SL

    Sun-Ok Lee, PhD

    Associate Professor
    University of Arkansas
    Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States

Disclosure(s):
Oluwatobi Amusat, MSc: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.


Objectives: Inflammation has been linked as a major factor in the onset and development of chronic illnesses such as Cardiovascular problems, cancer, and type 2 diabetes. Thus, the successful management of many disorders depends on treatment strategies that address inflammation. Apio (A. Xanthorrhiza) is an ancient tuber grown in South America. Studies have shown that the roots contain polyphenols such as chlorogenic and caffeic acids, which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. However, limited information is available about the health-promoting activities of the leaves. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of apio yellow (AYL) and apio white (AWL) leaf extracts using RAW 264.7 cells.

Methods: The AYL and AWL were extracted with 70% ethanol and analyzed for their total phenolic content (TPC) and radical scavenging activity (DPPH). Macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were cultured and pretreated with the Apio leaf extracts (100-500 μg/mL) for 2 hrs to determine the cell viability. The pretreated cells were stimulated with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 24 hrs. Cell culture supernatants were used to measure nitric oxide (NO) production and cytokines IL-6 (Interleukin- 6) and TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-α) via ELISA Kits. Data analysis was done on JMP Pro 16, using one-way ANOVA with significance at p< 0.05 level.

Results: TPC was 94.1 ± 10.3 and 61.1 ± 3.1 mg GAE/g for AYL and AWL extracts, respectively. AYL extract had significantly greater scavenging activity (49.4 ± 7.7 µmol TE/g) than AWL extract (34.1 ± 4.7 µmol TE/g). AYL and AWL extracts (100-300 μg/mL) showed no cytotoxicity to RAW 264.7 cells. NO, IL-6, and TNF-α production increased after LPS stimulation compared to the control. Treatments of both AWL & AYL (200 μg/mL) significantly suppressed NO production (by 49-67%) as well as decreased the levels of IL-6 (by 25-52%) and TNF-α (by 24-26%).

Conclusions: These findings showed that AYL had higher antioxidant activity than AWL extract, and both leaves showed anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines.

Funding Sources: No grant for this research was received from any funding agency.