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Aging and Chronic Disease (Poster Session)

(P18-034-24) Exploratory Analysis of Daily Avocado Consumption for 6-Months on Serum Metabolomic Profiles in Adults With Abdominal Obesity: Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial (HAT)

Monday, July 1, 2024
12:45 PM – 1:45 PM CT
Location: Poster Board 437
Disclosure(s):
Nirupa R. Matthan, PhD: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.


Objectives: Avocado intake can improve diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). The subsequent impact on serum metabolomic profiles is underexplored. We determined metabolite changes associated with daily avocado consumption for 6 months in a subset of participants with abdominal obesity from the Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial (HAT).

Methods: An untargeted metabolomic approach was used to measure metabolites in fasting serum samples collected at baseline (pre-intervention) and after a 6-month period (post-intervention) in a subset of HAT participants randomized to the avocado group (n=120; 70% female; 49+13 years; BMI of 33.1+5.7 kg/m2). Pre-post differences in metabolites and CMRFs (blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose, insulin, hsCRP), visceral adiposity volume (VAT) and hepatic fat content (HFF) were calculated using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test, adjusted for multiple testing (FDR < 0.1). Given the exploratory analysis, we also used pre-post metabolite change >10% and/or an unadjusted p< 0.1 to screen for known metabolites potentially associated with avocado intake.

Results: Plasma LDL-C [-7%], systolic (-3%) and diastolic (-2%) blood pressure were lower, and VAT higher (3%), post-intervention (all p< 0.05), with no significant differences for the other CMRFs. Among the 2153 metabolites detected, only 12% were known metabolites. In the unadjusted analysis, post-pre intervention differences were observed in 31 known metabolites, including threonic acid (5%) a sugar acid associated with fruit/vegetable intake; 1-5-Anhydroglucitol (27%) a biomarker of improved short-term glycemic control; xylitol (-11%) a sugar alcohol found in artificial sweeteners; 2 carboxylic acids involved in the TCA cycle (succinate [5%] and malate [-3% ]); as well as 3 amino acids (taurine [11 %], cysteine [18 %] and glutamic acid [15%]),1 gut-derived metabolite (indole-3-acetate [10%]) and 22 lipid species (monoglycerides, triglycerides, phosphatidylcholines and glyceroceramides [-0.2 to -15%]). These differences were not significant after FDR adjustment.

Conclusions: Daily avocado consumption for 6 months potentially altered metabolites related to carbohydrate, amino acid and glycolipid metabolism. Replication in a larger cohort is needed to confirm these trends.

Funding Sources: Hass Avocado Board and USDA agreement No. 58-1950-4-401