(P06-015-24) Evening Snack Macronutrient and Matrix Composition on Morning Metabolic Indices in Adults With Prediabetes

Objectives: Compare the effects of three evening snacks on morning fasting and postprandial glucose, insulin, and triglyceride concentrations in adults with prediabetes.

Methods: In this randomized, 3-arm crossover study, 45 participants (45±14 years, 29±6 kg/m², mean ± SD) were randomized to one of three energy matched snack interventions: low-fiber, low-fat control snack (LFLF) lowfat yogurt with rice crackers (280 kcal, 0 g fiber, 2.5 g total fat); high-fat, high-fiber (HFHF) whole avocado (280 kcal, 11.2 g fiber, 25.8 g total fat); or high-fat, high-fiber matrix control snack (HFHFm), lowfat yogurt with added fibers and refined high monounsaturated vegetable oil (281.1 kcal, 11.2 g fiber, 23.9 g total fat). Snacks were consumed at the same time (±1 h) the evening before the clinic visit. Twelve hours (12 h) after snack intake, participants reported to the clinic for a fasting blood draw followed by a standard meal (720 kcal, 107 g CHO, 26 g fat) and repeated blood collections for 3 hours. Fasting and mean postprandial metabolic and inflammatory values were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance using mixed procedure and subject as the blocking variable, SAS 9.4.

Results: Preliminary analysis indicates no significant difference in fasting or postprandial mean glucose, insulin or inflammatory markers among snack interventions (p >0.05). A main effect of snack on fasting triglycerides (TG) (P=0.02) and a snack by time interaction (P=0.06) for postprandial TG was suggested.

Conclusions: Evening snack composition, specifically higher fiber and healthy fat snacks, may reduce next morning fasting and post-breakfast TG responses.

Funding Sources: Hass Avocado Board