(P22-040-24) Healthy Dietary Patterns, Longevity Genes, and Life Expectancy: A Prospective Cohort Study

Objectives: Multiple healthy dietary patterns have been associated with mortality, while few studies have explored their associations with life expectancy. We aim to estimate the associations of dietary patterns with all-cause mortality and life expectancy and the modification of genetic risk on these associations.

Methods: This prospective study included 103,649 participants with two or more dietary assessments in the UK Biobank and free of cardiovascular diseases and cancer when completing the most recent dietary recall. We calculated five dietary scores: Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED), healthful Plant-based Diet Index (hPDI), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet (DRRD). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidential intervals (CI). Chiang’s life table was used to estimate the life expectancy by quintiles of dietary scores.

Results: During a median follow-up of 10.6 years, 4314 total deaths were documented. Compared the highest quintile to the lowest, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) were 0.80 (0.73, 0.89) for AHEI, 0.80 (0.72, 0.88) for AMED, 0.82 (0.74, 0.92) for hPDI, 0.81 (0.73, 0.90) for DASH, and 0.76 (0.69, 0.84) for DRRD (all P for trend < .0001). Compared with the bottom quintile, the top quintile of dietary scores was associated with longer life expectancy at age 45 years (life gain ranged from 1.7 [95% CI, 0.3–3.1] to 2.8 [95% CI, 1.5–4.1] years in man and 1.4 [95% CI, 0.4–2.4] to 2.3 [95% CI, 1.3–2.3] years in women). The life expectancy of participants with different dietary scores was not statistically significant across genetic susceptibility.

Conclusions: Greater adherence to healthy dietary patterns was associated with lower all-cause mortality and longer life expectancy regardless of genetic risk predisposition. Our findings suggest that multiple healthy dietary patterns are beneficial for extending life expectancy and can be adapted based on an individual’s preferences and traditions.

Funding Sources: National Key Research and Development Program of China