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Dietary Bioactive Components (Poster Session)

(P04-015-24) Bioactive Lipids and Nutri-Lipidomics of Minor Millets - A Novel Finding

Sunday, June 30, 2024
11:45 AM – 12:45 PM CT
Location: Poster Board 92
Disclosure(s):
Sugasini Dhavamani, PhD, FFS,AARG awardee,Phospholipid Division Chair(AOCS),AOCS Health and Nutrition New Investigator: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.


Objectives: Minor millets are superlative staple food grain in many developing countries. But then very little information is available on minor millets and oil in terms of its fatty acid  and bioactive lipids. The objective of this present study is to study the nutri-lipidomics of minor millets which helps to study the bioactive lipids in minor millets seed and oils. Also, this study describes the prominence of minor millet seeds by extracting their oil and determining its composition regarding lipids, carotenoids and phenolic compounds and its antioxidant potential. The unending knowledge of bioactive lipids of minor millets in nutrition research has been expanded substantively.

Methods: This innovative approach helps to identify  and screening the novel bioactive components in minor millets beneficial to measure the nutrition levels of TAG molecular species, phospholipids, sphingolipids and exploring the new classes and metabolites of bioactive lipids in minor millets. Predominantly, minor millets were found to comprise 2-5 % lipids, and about 20-25 percent of the grain fat was in the embryo component. Millet lipids extracted from dry seed weight in the range of 4-9%. Most of the minor millets consist of 80-86% of neutral lipids, 11-16% phospholipids and 2-5% glycolipids.

Results: Majority of the minor millets neutral lipids are 80-85% TAG and minimal amounts of MAG(1-5%), DAG(1-5%), sterols and FFA(1-5%). The major fatty acid composition of minor millets is SFA (15-20%) and PUFA (70-85%) and MUFA (10-18%). The major fatty acid present in these minor millets seed and oils are omega-6 fatty acids which is linoleic acid (18:2) to an extent of 55-75%, oleic acid in the range of 10-20% and  omega-3 fatty acid(1-5%). The major TAG molecular species of minor millet oils are LLL, LLO and LPL. Bioactive lipids of minor millets contain phospholipids, lysophospholipids, phenolics, carotenoids, tocopherols and tocotrienols which has major health benefits. Among the phospholipids, LPC (35-45%) was the major phospholipid in minor millet seeds and oil. However, the smaller amounts of LPE (15-20%) and PC (15-20%) and minimal amount of PS, PI and PA also present in minor millets seed and oil.

Conclusions: Hence, this novel approach helps to identify various lipids in minor millets which is mediated several signaling pathways and may protect against various metabolic diseases.

Funding Sources: N/A