Maternal, Perinatal and Pediatric Nutrition (Poster Session)
(P10-047-24) Impact of Maternal Dietary Protein Source and Quantity in the Presence of Gestational Obesity on the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Wistar Rat Mothers and Offspring
Associate Professor University of North Florida Jacksonville, Florida, United States
Disclosure(s):
Alireza Jahan-mihan, PhD, RD: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.
Objectives: To investigate the effect of maternal dietary protein source and quantity in the presence of gestational obesity on the risk of metabolic syndrome in Wistar rat mothers and offspring.
Methods: This study delves into two aspects: 1) the comparison between a casein-based diet (CD) and a soy protein-based diet (SD), and 2) the evaluation of a high-protein diet (HPD) versus a normal protein diet (NPD). In each study, dams were randomly assigned to either diet group (n=12/group). Offspring from each maternal group were weaned onto their respective diets for a duration of 17 weeks (n=12/group).
Results: In case of source of protein, fasting blood glucose (FBG) (P < 0.02), insulin (P < 0.0002), insulin/glucose ratio (P < 0.03) and HOMA-IR index (P < 0.0002) were higher in offspring of SD dams at week 17. Pulse rate was higher in dams (P < 0.03). Food intake and body weight of offspring was affected by interactive effects of time and dams’ diet (P < 0.05). Food intake was not influenced by maternal diet, but it was higher in pups weaned to SD dams (P < 0.03). In case of protein content of the diet, no effect of maternal or weaning diet on food intake, body weight, or body fat/weight ratio was observed. However, NPD dams exhibited higher oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results than HPD dams (p < 0.03). At weaning, offspring born to NPD dams showed higher fasting plasma glucose (P < 0.03) and insulin/glucose ratio (P=0.05) than those born to HPD dams. The HOMA-IR index was higher in offspring born to NPD dams (P < 0.04) and weaned to NPD (P < 0.05) at week 17.
Conclusions: These findings underscore the role of protein content and source in maternal and weaning diets in pregnancy outcomes for obese mothers, particularly in glucose homeostasis, although gestational obesity may overshadow other parameters.
Funding Sources: University of North Florida, Brooks College of Health
